Ukwehla Kwesisindo Okungachazeki 

Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazeki kuchazwa njengokwehla okukhulu kwesisindo somzimba lapho umuntu engazami ngenkuthalo ukwehlisa isisindo. Kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibi kakhulu noma kumane kubonise ukuthi umuntu akadli ngokwanele. Kungokwemvelo ukuthi isisindo sethu sishintshe unyaka wonke. Kodwa-ke, ukuncipha kwesisindo okungalindelekile kuvame ukubonwa kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65. Noma kunjalo, a kwesisindo ngaphezu kuka-5-6 kg ngesikhathi esifushane kufanele kube yimbangela yokukhathazeka okukhulu.

Kuyini Ukulahlekelwa Kwesisindo Okungachazeki (Ukulahlekelwa Kwesisindo Kungazelelwe)?

Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungalindelekile kuchazwa njengokuncipha kwesisindo esidlula u-5-10% wesisindo somzimba esiphelele esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Izimo ezibucayi njengomdlavuza noma isifo sikashukela zingase zibonise izimpawu zokuncipha kwesisindo ngendlela engaqondakali. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha.

Ubani osengcupheni Yokuncipha Kwesisindo Okungachazeki?

Noma ubani angathola ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazeki; Nokho, kuvame kakhulu futhi kuphathelene nabantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-65. Ngisho nokuncipha kwesisindo esingaphansi kuka-5% wesisindo somzimba noma amakhilogremu angu-10 kubantu abadala asebekhulile kungase kubonise isifo esingase sibe yingozi. Abesifazane abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-25 nengama-29, kanye nalabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-35, basengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuba nesifo sikaCrohn uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amadoda athambekele kakhulu ekubeni ne-ulcerative colitis ngemva kweminyaka engu-45 kunabesifazane.

Ezinye izici eziyingozi

Kunezici ezimbalwa ezingakhuphula amathuba okulahlekelwa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile:

• Kubantu Abadala: Cishe i-15-20% yabantu abaneminyaka yobudala engama-65 nangaphezulu baba nokuncipha kwesisindo ngendlela engachazeki, ngokubhema kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamafutha aphezulu emzimbeni nakho kwandisa le ngozi kubantu asebekhulile.
• Ezinganeni Nasentsheni: Izici ezithile zingaholela ekwehleni kwesisindo okungahlosiwe ezinganeni:
  • Izinselele Zokuncelisa Ibele: Abazali abasha bangase babhekane nobunzima ngokuncelisa ibele noma ukulungiselela ubisi lwebhodlela, okunomthelela esisindweni somntwana. Kubalulekile ukuqapha isisindo somntwana futhi ufune usizo kudokotela wezingane uma kudingeka.
  • I-Allergies: Izingane zingahlakulela i-allergies kumafomula athile, okungathatha isikhathi ukukhomba.
  • Izinkinga Zokudla: Cishe i-2.7% yentsha inenkinga yezinkinga zokudla, kanti amantombazane athinteka kakhulu kunabafana. Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazeki kungaba uphawu lokuthi osemusha angase adinge ukuhlolwa kwalolu daba.
• Kwabesilisa vs. Abesifazane: Abesilisa ngokuvamile banamazinga aphezulu ezimo ezithile, ezifana ne-endocarditis, umdlavuza wamapancreas, kanye umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuba nesifo esingamahlalakhona sokuvimbela amaphaphu (COPD) futhi bathambekele kakhulu ekuphathweni kwe-hyperthyroidism kanye nesifo samathambo (RA).

Yiziphi Izimbangela Zokuncipha Kwesisindo Okungachazeki?

Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungahlosiwe ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngenxa yezimo zezokwelapha ezingapheli. Kodwa-ke, izifo zesikhashana ezinjengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane nazo zingaholela ekwehleni kwesisindo ngenxa ukungakhululeki kokugaya ukudla.

• I-Overactive Thyroid - Lesi simo ngokuvamile sibangela ubunzima bokulala, inhliziyo eshaya ngamandla, nokushisa okungapheli. Indlala yegilo isiza ukulawula ukugaywa kwe-metabolism emzimbeni, futhi indlala yegilo esebenza ngokweqile ingakhuphula ukusetshenziswa kwekhalori, okuholela ekwehleni kwesisindo.
• Isifo sikashukela - Isifo sikashukela sikhinyabeza ikhono lomzimba lokumunca i-glucose nezinye imisoco, okubangela ukwehla kwesisindo esisheshayo njengoba imisoco iyakhishwa.
• Ukudla Okungenele - Njengoba abantu bekhula, umsebenzi womzimba uyancipha, indlela yokuphila iba yokunganyakazi, futhi imetabolism iyancipha. Lokhu kungaholela ekuzizweni wanelisekile isikhathi eside. Ukwengeza, ingxenye yobuchopho elawula indlala nokusutha iba buthaka ngokukhula.
• Ukukhathazeka - Abantu abanokukhathazeka bavame ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-hormone i-cortisol, engacindezela isifiso sokudla futhi iholele ekuncipheni kwesisindo.
• Ukucindezeleka - Abantu abacindezelekile bavame ukuzwa ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla njengamazinga e-hormone anjalo lawula umfutho wegazi, i-metabolism, kanye nezinga le-glucose liyehla.
• Isifo sika-Addison - Nakuba kungavamile, lesi simo se-autoimmune singabangela ukulahlekelwa isisindo. Esifweni sika-Addison, amasosha omzimba alimaza izindlala ze-adrenal, okuholela ekuntulekeni kokukhiqizwa kwamahomoni, okuthinta umzimba nendlala.
• Isifo seCeliac - Lesi simo se-autoimmune senzeka lapho ukusabela komzimba kulimaza amathumbu amancane lapho udla i-gluten, okuholela ekuqunjelweni, isifo sohudo, nokuncipha kwesisindo.
• I-Rheumatoid Arthritis - Lokhu kuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune kuhilela ukuhlasela umzimba kwezicubu ezinempilo, okubangela ukuvuvukala nezinkinga zamalunga. Lokhu kungase futhi kuthinte i-gut metabolism, okuholela ekwehleni kwesisindo.
• I-pancreatitis - Amanyikwe akhiqiza ama-enzyme asiza ekugayekeni kokudla. Ukuvuvukala kwama-pancreas kunganciphisa amandla awo, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwesisindo.
• Izifo Zamathumbu Ezivuvukalayo - Ukuvuvukala kwepheshana lamathumbu okuvela ezimeni ezifana nesifo sika-Crohn kanye ne-ulcerative colitis kuphazamisa ukugaya, okuholela ekuhudo nasekuncipheni kwesisindo.
• I-Muscle Atrophy - I-muscle atrophy, noma ukulahleka kwemisipha, kwenzeka lapho imisipha iwohloka noma incipha. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokungondleki kahle noma ukuhlala ulele.
• I-Dysphagia - Abantu abane-dysphagia banenkinga yokugwinya, ngokuvamile begwema ukudla okuqinile. Ukungondleki kahle nokuncipha kwesisindo kungaba yimiphumela engaba khona.
• Umdlavuza - Umdlavuza yisimo lapho amangqamuzana omuntu ekhula futhi aguquke ngendlela engafanele, okuthinta izicubu nezitho ezinempilo. Ukuncipha kwesisindo kungaba nomthelela ongemuhle kuye ngosayizi kanye nesigaba somdlavuza.

Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazeki kwabesifazane vs. amadoda

Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazwanga kungathinta futhi kungase kubonise izinkinga zempilo. Nakuba kungenzeka kubo bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane, izimbangela zingase zihluke.

• Kwabesifazane:

• Izinguquko zeHormonal: Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini noma ukungalingani kungathinta isisindo.
• Impilo Yengqondo: Izimo ezifana nokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, noma ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla kungaholela ekwehleni kwesisindo.
• Izifo Ezingamahlalakhona: Izifo ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune noma izinkinga ze-thyroid zingadala izinguquko zesisindo.
• Ukungondleki: Izinkinga zokungadli kahle noma zokumunca zingaholela ekwehleni kwesisindo.

• Kwabesilisa:
  • Umdlavuza: Izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza zivame ukuholela ekulahlekelweni kwesisindo esikhulu.
  • Izinguquko zeHormonal: Amazinga aphansi e-testosterone angathinta isisindo somzimba.
  • Impilo Yengqondo: Ukucindezeleka kungathinta isifiso sokudla futhi kuholele ekulahlekelweni kwesisindo.
  • Izimo Ezingamahlalakhona: Izinkinga zenhliziyo noma isifo sikashukela nakho kungabangela ukuncipha kwesisindo.

Izimpawu Zokuncipha Kwesisindo Okungachazeki

Ukuncipha kwesisindo esingaqondakali kubhekisela ekwehleni okuphawulekayo kwesisindo somzimba okwenzeka ngaphandle komzamo wamabomu wokwehlisa isisindo. Ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengophawu oluphathelene futhi kungase kuhlotshaniswe nezimo ezihlukahlukene zezempilo ezingaphansi. Izimpawu ezivamile zokuncipha kwesisindo esingachazwanga zingahlanganisa:

• Ukwehliswa Ngokushesha Kwesisindo: Ukulahlekelwa isisindo esibonakalayo ngaphandle kwezinguquko ekudleni noma ekusebenzeni komzimba kuwuphawu olubalulekile.
• Ukulahlekelwa Ukudla: Ukuncipha kwesithakazelo ekudleni noma ekulahlekelweni yindlala kuvame ukuba nomthelela ekuncipheni kwesisindo okungachazeki.
• Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngokweqile noma untula amandla kungase kuhambisane nokuncipha kwesisindo okungachazeki.
• I-Muscle Atrophy: Ukuncipha kwesisindo somzimba noma amandla kungase kubonakale, ikakhulukazi uma ukuncipha kwesisindo kukhulu.
• Ubuthakathaka: Umuzwa ojwayelekile wokuba buthakathaka ngokomzimba noma ubuthakathaka ungatholwa.
• Izinkinga Zokugaya: Izimpawu ezifana nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, noma ubuhlungu besisu bungase bube khona, obungase buthinte ikhono lokudla nokugcina isisindo.
• Ukushintsha Imikhuba Yamathumbu: Ukushintsha kokuhamba kwamathumbu, njengohudo olungapheli noma ukuqunjelwa, ingahlotshaniswa nokulahlekelwa isisindo.
• Imfiva: Imfiva engachazeki ingase ihambisane nokuncipha kwesisindo futhi ingabonisa ukutheleleka okucashile noma isimo sokuvuvukala.
• Ukoma Nokuchama Kakhulu: Ukoma njalo nokuchama kungase kube izimpawu zezimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, ezingaholela ekwehleni kwesisindo somzimba.
• Izinguquko Esikhumbeni Nezinwele: Isikhumba esomile, esiphaphathekile, noma esilimele kalula, kanye nezinwele ezishwabene, kuyizinkomba ezingaba khona zezinkinga zempilo.

Kutholwa Kanjani Ukuncipha Kwesisindo Okungachazeki?

Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungahlosiwe kungase kubonise izifo ezihlukahlukene ezingaphansi. Ukuze abone ngokunembile imbangela yokulahlekelwa isisindo, udokotela uhlola izimpawu zesiguli kanye nezinguquko zakamuva zokuphila. Ekuqaleni, udokotela uzohlola ngokucophelela umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli, afune izici ezingase zibe yingozi ezihlobene nokuphazamiseka okuhlukahlukene komtholampilo, bese ehlola umzimba. Kuye ngokutholakele, udokotela angase atuse ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-radiological ukuqapha ukunciphisa isisindo.

Ukuhlola okwenziwa ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa:

• Isibalo segazi esiphelele (CBC)
• Ushukela wegazi (glucose)
• Ukuvivinya kokusebenza kwesibindi
• Iphaneli yegilo
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso
• I-Urinalysis
• Ukuhlolwa kokuvuvukala 
• I-Electrolytes 
• I-X-Ray yesifuba
• I-Computed tomography (CT)
• I-Positron emission tomography (PET) 

Ukuze uhlole izimpawu zezizathu zesisu sokulahlekelwa isisindo, izinqubo ze-endoscopic nazo zingenziwa, njenge-endoscopy yamathumbu aphezulu noma i-colonoscopy.

Kwelashwa kanjani Ukuncipha Kwesisindo Okungachazeki?

Ukuhlonza imbangela yokulahlekelwa isisindo kungasiza ukubhekana nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungahlosiwe. Uma kungekho sizathu esingabonakala, a i-nutrient noma i-dietitian ingase yeluleke isiguli ukuba silandele uhlobo oluthile lokudla kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Ezimweni lapho ukuncipha kwesisindo kuwumphumela wokugula kokugaya ukudla, njengesifo sofuba, ukudla okuthile ngezikhathi zokuvuvukala kungase kudingeke ukuze kutholwe izakhi ezidingekayo. Lokhu kungase futhi kuhilele ukusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo ezithengwayo.

Uma ukungalingani kwama-hormone kuyimbangela eyinhloko yokuncipha kwesisindo okungahlosiwe, udokotela cishe uzoncoma imithi. Ezimweni lapho ukuncipha kwesisindo okungahlosiwe kungabonisa inkinga enkulu, njengomdlavuza, udokotela angase atuse ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze aqoqe ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma isiguli sehla emzimbeni ngaphandle kokuzama, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlela ukuvakasha nodokotela. Nakuba kuvamile ukuthi isisindo somzimba sihluke, uma umuntu elahlekelwa ngaphezu kuka-5% wesisindo sakhe sokuqala ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili ngaphandle kokushintsha indlela adla ngayo noma uhlelo lokuzivocavoca, kufanele abonane nodokotela.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba nokubuyekezwa komlando wezokwelapha wesiguli kuyizindlela ezimbili udokotela angase anqume ngazo isizathu esiyisisekelo sokuncipha kwesisindo esingachazwanga. Ukuze kugwenywe izifo ezithile ezifana nomdlavuza, i-RA, noma i-hypothyroidism, bangasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwengeziwe, njengamaphaneli amahomoni noma uphenyo lwezithombe.

Izifo eziningi ezingabangela ukuncipha kwesisindo okungahlosiwe kuyinselele ukuzibona ezigabeni zokuqala; ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningi noma ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kuyadingeka ukuze kutholakale inkinga.

Yini engingayilindela ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwami ​​kokuqala?

Nakhu ongavame ukukulindela:

• Ukubuyekezwa Komlando Wezokwelapha: Udokotela wakho uzobuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa noma yiziphi izifo ezidlule, ukuhlinzwa, noma imithi.
• Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Kuzokwenziwa ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba ukuze kuhlolwe impilo yakho yonke futhi kuhlonzwe noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingase zichaze ukuncipha kwesisindo.
• Imibuzo Mayelana Nezimpawu: Lindela imibuzo mayelana nezinye izimpawu ongase ube nazo, njengokukhathala, izinguquko ekudlaleni, izinkinga zesisu, nanoma yiziphi izingcindezi zakamuva.
• Ukuhlola Indlela Yokuphila Nokudla: Udokotela wakho cishe uzobuza mayelana nokudla kwakho, imikhuba yokuzivocavoca, nanoma yiziphi izinguquko zakamuva zendlela yokuphila ezingase zibe nomthelela ekwehleni kwesisindo.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwaselabhorethri: Ungase u-odwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma okunye ukuhlola ukuze uhlole izimo ezikhona, ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwegilo, isifo sikashukela, noma izifo.
• Izinhlelo Zokulandelela: Ngokusekelwe ekuhloleni kwakho, udokotela wakho angase atuse ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe noma akudlulisele kuchwepheshe. Xoxa ngama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela okungenzeka noma izivivinyo.

Isiphetho

Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungalindelekile kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekuvuvukeni kuya ekuphazamisekeni kwengqondo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba abantu bahlolwe njalo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ukuze bahlole isimo sabo sempilo. Lokhu kuhlola okuvamile kuthuthukisa ukuqwashisa kwabantu ngempilo yabo futhi kusiza ekuvimbeleni izimo zezokwelapha ezingaba khona.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Ingabe ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazwanga ngaso sonke isikhathi kubi?

Ukushintshashintsha kwesisindo somzimba kungase kuvame, kodwa ukuncipha okuqhubekayo nokungahlosile kwesisindo esidlula u-5% wesisindo somzimba esiphelele phakathi nenkathi eyizinyanga eziyisi-6 kuye kweziyi-12 ngokuvamile kuyimbangela yokukhathazeka. Ukuncipha okunjalo kwesisindo okuphawulekayo kungase kube inkomba yokungondleki kahle.

2. Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuze kwehle isisindo ngendlela engaqondakali?

Ukuze ulahlekelwe isisindo kungazelelwe, ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kungenziwa ngokuvamile, okuhlanganisa:

• Qedela Isibalo Segazi
• Iphaneli yegilo
• Ukuvivinya kokusebenza kwesibindi
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso
• Ishukela legazi (ushukela)
• I-Urinalysis
• Ukuhlolwa kokuvuvukala 
• I-Electrolytes

3. Ingabe ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazwanga kungaba yinto evamile?

Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazwanga ngokuvamile akuvamile futhi kufanele kuhlolwe udokotela ukuze akhiphe noma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo ezicashile.

4. Kungakanani ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazwanga?

Ukulahlekelwa ngaphezu kuka-5% wesisindo somzimba wakho ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya onyakeni ngaphandle kokuzama kuyathinta futhi kufanele kuhlolwe ngudokotela.

5. Yini ebangela ukuncipha kwesisindo nokukhathala okungachazwanga?

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa izinkinga zegilo, isifo sikashukela, izifo, umdlavuza, ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla, kanye nezindaba zempilo yengqondo njengokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka.

6. Ingabe isifo sikashukela singabangela ukuncipha kwesisindo ngendlela engachazeki?

Yebo, isifo sikashukela singabangela ukuncipha kwesisindo ngendlela engaqondakali, ikakhulukazi uma singaphathwanga kahle. Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini aholela ekutheni umzimba usebenzise amafutha nemisipha ukuze uthole amandla.

7. Ingabe ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazwanga kungaba umphumela wempilo embi yomlomo?

Yebo, ukungalungi kahle emlonyeni kungaholela ekubeni kube nzima ukudla, ubuhlungu, kanye nezifo, okungase kubangele ukuncipha kwesisindo.

8. Kungani ngincipha ngendlela engachazeki futhi ngingenazo ezinye izimpawu?

Kungaba ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nezigaba zokuqala zesimo sezokwelapha esingakabonisi ezinye izimpawu kuze kube manje. Kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela ukuze ahlolwe ngokuphelele.

9. Kuyingozi kangakanani ukwehla kwesisindo?

Ukuncipha ngokushesha kwesisindo noma ukulahlekelwa ngaphezu kuka-5% wesisindo somzimba wakho phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya onyakeni ngaphandle kokuzama kungaba yingozi futhi kufanele kuhlolwe udokotela.

10. Yiziphi izimpawu zokuncipha kwesisindo kwabesifazane?

Izimpawu zihlanganisa izingubo ezixegayo, ukwehla kwezilinganiso zomzimba, ukuncipha kwamafutha omzimba, kanye nokubona amathambo (njengama-collarbones noma izimbambo) ngokugqama kakhulu.

11. Kwelashwa kanjani ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazwanga?

Ukwelashwa kuncike kumbangela. Kungase kuhlanganise imithi, izinguquko zokudla, ukwelapha izimo ezikhona, noma ukubhekana nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo.

12. Yiziphi izivivinyo zokugijima ukuze ulahlekelwe isisindo ungahlosile?

Ukuhlola okuvamile kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwegazi (i-CBC, ukusebenza kwegilo, ushukela wegazi), ukuhlolwa komchamo, ukuhlolwa kwezithombe (njengama-X-ray noma ama-CT scan), futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-endoscopy noma colonoscopy, kuye ngezimpawu nomlando wezokwelapha.

References:

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17770-unexplained-weight-loss https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/unexplained-weight-loss/basics/causes/sym-20050700

CARE Medical Team

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